Harut Marut ka kunwan Chah Babil dunya ke qadeem tareen aasar mein se hai. Is kunwein ka zikr Quran Majeed ke ilawa Bible mein bhi hai. Ab jabke Babil hi nahi raha, is kunwein ke wujood ka sawal hi nahi paida hota. Babil kahan hai? Babil ka kunwan kis noaiyat ka tha? Harut Marut (jin ka naam Chah-e Babil ke sath sath lazim o malzoom ki surat rakhta hai) unke saher ki kifiyat kya thi? Aur khud saher kya hai? Chah-e Babil aur us ke kawaif samajhne ke liye yeh aur is qisam ke mutadid sawalat zehan mein ubharte hain. Quran Majeed ka byan In tamam sawalat ke jawab ke liye hum Quran Majeed ki Surah Al-Baqarah ki taweel tareen aayat (102) ka tarjuma nakal karte hain jis mein in beshumar amoor ka zikr mojood hai: "Aur yeh log us ilm ke peechay lag gaye jo Sulaiman ki badshahat mein shayateen parha karte the. Aur Sulaiman ne kufr nahi kiya. Albatta shaitan kufr kiya karte the. Woh logon ko saher ki taleem dete, aur woh us ilm ke peechay lag gaye jo Babil mein do farishton Harut Marut par utara gaya tha. Aur woh dono kisi ko bhi nahi batlate the jab tak yeh na kehte ke hum to bas ek zariya-e imtehan hain. So tum kufr ikhtiyar na kar lena. Magar in dono se woh (saher) seekhte. Jis se woh khawand aur biwi ke darmiyan judai dalte, halanki woh kisi ko bhi us ke zariye nuqsaan na pohancha sakte the, magar haan iradeh-e ilahi se. Aur yeh log woh cheez seekhte hain jo unhein nuqsaan pohancha sakti hai. Aur yeh khoob jante hain ke jis ne isay ikhtiyar kiya, us ke liye aakhirat mein koi hissa nahi. Aur bohot hi buri hai woh cheez jis ke awaz unho ne apne aap ko farokht kar dala hai. Kash woh jante." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:102) Bible ke hawale Bible ke mandarja zail muqamat mein in amoor ke baray mein tafseelat mojood hain: (1) Kitab 1. Sultaan 11, 12 (2) Kitab 2. Sultaan Baab 17 Ayat 71.19 (3) Kitab Mukashifa Baab 10 Ayat 4, 5. Baab 18 Ayat 23, 24, 30 Bible ke tafseeli byan se sirf nazar karte hue hum sirf hawalaat par aitmaad karte hain. Albatta in ki riwayat ka khulasa "naql kufr, kufr na bashad" ke bimsadaq paish karte hain. Is ki sahih ki zimmedari lena hamare bas se bahar hai aur shayad is ke liye khud in ke ulama bhi tayyar na hon ge. Israili riwayat ka khulasa yeh hai: Harut Marut do farishte the. Unhone Allah ke samne insano ke gunahon ka mazaq uraya ke teri makhlooq har qisam ke inam ke bawajood gunah karti hai. Allah ko ghussa aya usay un ka tanz pasand na aya. Allah taala ne farmaya agar tum duniya ke mahool mein hoteTu yehi karte. Farishton ne apni ismat ka dawa kiya to Allah Ta'ala ne unhe zameen par bhej diya. Yahan ek haseen aurat thi, Zehra uska naam tha. Farishte us par aashiq ho gaye. Us aurat ne kaha: wasl ki shart yeh hai ke tum sharab piyo, qatal karo, aur buton ko sajda karo. Un par ishq ka bhoot aisa sawar hua ke unhone sharab bhi pi, qatal bhi kiya aur but parasti se bhi gurez na kiya. Wasl ke waqt Zehra ne Haroot Maroot se aasman par jane ka raaz daryaft kiya to unhone Zehra ko "Ism-e-Azam" sikha diya aur woh aasman par chali gayi aur farishte Chah-e-Babil mein qaid kar diye gaye. Iss jurm mein woh qayamat tak kunwayon ke andar latke rahenge. Saari dunya ka dhuan unki naak ke ek nathne se dakhil ho kar doosre nathne se guzarta rahega. Muhakama: Hum in kwaif ko haqeeqat ki bajaye sirf ek kahani tasawwur karte hain. Chunancha in mein haqeeqat kam hai, aur afsanvi rang zyada hai. Israeeli qisson mein bohot si aisi batein shamil hain jo aqal aur deen dono ke khilaf hain. Bhala farishton ka ishq aur sarmasti se kya talluq? Sab se badi baat yeh hai ke Quran Majeed ne farishton ke bare mein gawahi di hai: "Woh hukm ilahi ki nafarmani nahi karte. Aur unhein jo kuch hukm diya jata hai wohi karte hain." (Surah At-Tahrim 66:6) Imam Ibn Kathir ne apni mashhoor tafsir Ibn Kathir mein in waqeat ko naqal karne ke baad likha hai ke "Musnad Imam Ahmad mein Hazrat Abdullah ibn Umar radhi Allahu anhuma ki jo riwayat Hazoor Akram sall Allahu alaihi wasallam se mansoob hai. Qareen-e-Qiyas yeh hai ke woh darasal Kaab e Ahbar ka bayan hai, Rasool Allah sall Allahu alaihi wasallam ki hadith nahi hai. Aur Kaab Ahbar ne sirf Israeeli qisson se naqal kar diya hai." (Tafsir Ibn Kathir Jild, Safha 141) Imam Fakhr al-Din Razi ne in qisson ko naqal karne ke baad likha ke yeh sab kuch fasaad aur mardood hai. Shahab Iraqi ne yahan tak kaha hai ke jo shakhs in qisson ko maane woh Allah ka munkir hai. Chunancha farishte masoom hote hain aur kahani mein unhein gunahgar balkay shaitan khislat pesh kiya gaya hai. Qazi Ayaz ki raaye bhi yehi hai. Rooh al-Maani mein likha hai ke is bare mein Hazoor Rasool Allah sall Allahu alaihi wasallam se koi riwayat sabit nahi hai. Lihaza unki haqeeqat kuch nahi. Haroot Maroot kaun the? Chah-e-Babil ke silsile mein sab se ahem behas Haroot Maroot ki shakhsiyaat ke bare mein hai ke woh kaun the? Unke bare mein Yahudiyo ke paas ajeeb o ghareeb riwayat mashhoor hain. Armenia ki Mazhabi kitabon mein Haroot Maroot ko deota bayan kiya gaya hai aur unka watan Joodi pahaad batlaya gaya hai jise Hebrew Zaban mein Akhri Taagh kehte hain. Kuch arse qabl Khatti mikhi mein likhe hue kuch kitaabat dastiyab hue hain. Un kitaabon mein us zamanay ke logon ke khayalat aur mashhoor waqeat ki tafseel mojood hai lekin un mein Haroot Maroot ka naam Gul-e-Gulshan likha hai. Ho sakta hai ke yeh Haroot ka hi bigra hua talaffuz ho. (Talmud Midrash Yedkut Bab 44) Quran Majeed mein unhein "Malikain" ke lafz se ta'beer kiya gaya hai. "Wa ma unzila ala al-malakain bi"Babil Haroota aur Maroota (Surah Baqra 2:102) "Malikain" ka waheed "Malak" hai jis ke ma'ani hain farishta. Bohat se mufassireen is par bahas karte huwe likha hai ke Haroot Maroot asal mein farishte nah the. Unhein mazhabi tor par Malak kaha gaya hai. Woh insaan the aur apne zamane ke baaqatdar badshah the. (Tafsir Baizawi) Chunanche aaj kal bhi hamare haan "Malak" ke naam se ek goth (khandaan) mojood hai. Tamam kake zai aur bohat se Rajput bhi apne aap ko malik kehte hain. Aur zahir hai ke naam ke saath malak lag jaane se woh farishte nahin ban jaate. Shehar Babil Babil shehar Darya-e-Firat ke kinare abad tha. Is poore ilaqe ko bhi Babil hi kehte the. Apne zamane mein yeh ilaqa tehzeb o tamaddun ka markaz tha. Babil, Nineveh ki tehzeb duniya ke andar ek bohat uncha maqam rakhti thi. In logon ka rehan sehan dosron ke liye namoona tha. Bakht Nasr ka ahd is tehzeb ke intehai urooj aur taraqqi ka dor tha. Is ke baad yahan ki tehzeb ko zawaal aana shuru hua. Jadeed jughrafiya mein Babil dunya ke naqsha par Iraq-e-Arab mein hai. Lekin sirf khindraat ki surat mein. Kabhi yeh shehar meelon mein phaila hua tha. Muarrikheen ka bayan hai ke Babil ke gird pachpan (55) meel lambi fasl bani hui thi. Unhon ne ise "Haft Ajaaibat alam" mein shumar kiya hai. Chaldea aur Chaldean is ke purane naam the. Injeel Muqaddas mein is sheher ka zikr baar baar hua hai. Mulaheza ho: (Kitab Daniel 4:2, Kitab Mukaashifa 10:5, 17:13, 18:23 ta 24) Sheher Babil mojooda Baghdad se taqreeban saat meel door junub ki simt mein Darya-e-Firat ke kinare abad tha. Is ke khindraat ke qareeb hi aaj kal Hilla (Hillah) ka shehar abad hai. In khindraat mein nahron ke asar, paani ke nalkon ke nishan, shahi mahalat ki bunyadin aur mazboot qal'aon ke nishanat ab bhi mojood hain. Jo apni tehzeb o tamaddun ke kamal ka saboot pesh kar rahe hain. Sheher Babil ki mashhoor imarat mein mandiraj zail khaas ahmiyat ki hamil thi: Qasr-e-Semiramis, Bakht Nasr ka mahal, Burj Nimrod, Maallaq Bagh jo kayi tabqat par mushtamil tha, aik aali shaan rasad gaah, Laabous ka maqbara. Sheher ki taweel o arz sah taraf hairat angaiz fasl aur Burj Babil waghera. Burj Babil ke baare mein muarrikheen likhte hain ke is burj mein saat rang ke tabqay the. Un ka talluq saat ajarim samaavi se tha: Pehla tabqa siyah rang ka tha: yeh Zohal se mansoob tha. Doosra tabqa safaid rang ka tha: yeh Zohra se nisbat rakhta tha. Teesra tabqa narangi rang ka tha: is ki nisbat Mushtari se thi. Chotha tabqa neelay rang ka tha: yeh Utaarad se milan rakhta tha. Paanchwa tabqa qirmazi rang ka tha: is ka Mirrikh se milan tha. Chhatha tabqa naqri tha: is ka talluq Chaand se tha. Sattwaan tabqa talai tha: is ki nisbat Sooraj se thi. Babil ke log ma'boodan-e-baatil ke parastar the. Un ke khayal mein yeh ma'bood aasman ki fazao mein rehte the. Yeh log apni qismat un se muntazim samajhte the. Isi liye woh najoom shanasi aur ilm aflak mein bade mahir the. Un ke but kadon mein sitaron ki parastish hoti thi. Babil ke khindraat aur Chah-e-Babiln style="font-size:20px;">Guzishta jung aalmi gair ke doran hamare aziz muhtaram Chaudhry Ali Ahmad Sarwar Iraq gaye thay. Unhonne Babil ke khandaarat aur Chah Babil ka baghur mushahidah kiya. Hum is unwaan ke tehut unhen ke ghair matbu'a safar nama ke iqtibaasat shukriya ke sath naqal kar rahe hain. ‘‘Aaj yeh sab khandaarat ke dheer hain, lekin chashm beina ke liye sarmaya-i baseerat hain. In pur-haul dheeron mein ajeeb haibat panah hai aur sath hi ek andoh-nak aur nihayat hisrat aamez dars-e ibret bhi. Babil Baghdad se shehr Halla ko jane wali sarak par chon (54) mile door waqe hai. Is sarak ko ek chhoti si nahr kaatti hai. Yahi se Babil ki hudood shuru hoti hai. Khayal kya jata hai ke yeh shehr ki fasl thi. Aadha mile aage chalein to ek chhota sa ajaib ghar hai. Aur us ke mutasal ek rest house bana hua hai. Yeh dono imaratien hukumat Iraq ke mahkama asar qadeema ne tameer karai hain. Ajaib ghar mein Babil ke kuch ajaibat, tasweer kashi aur naqshay ke nadir namoone aur qadeem shehr ka mitti se bana hua model rakha hua hai. Ajaib ghar ki peechay ek teela hai jis par nishaan raah ki takhtiyan lagi hui hain. Kuch aage Shah Bano Kadan Nasr (Bakht Nasr) ke juloos ka raasta hai. Mashriq ki simt ‘‘Nin Mah’’ ka ek chhota sa mandir hai. Guzar-gah-e juloos ke maghrib mein ek imarat hai jo janubi mahal ke naam se mashhoor hai. Dusri imarat maelaq bagh HANGING GARDEN ki hai jise ‘‘Mahal Azeem’’ bhi kehte hain. Is se thodi door aage ek tehkhana jaisa hai. Kehte hain yahan Namrud ne Hazrat Shoaib Alaihissalam ko sher ke aage dala tha. Is tehkhana ki deewaron par tasweer hain jo is dor ke mahireen fun ki chabakdasti ka behtareen namoona hain. Jo aintain yahan istemal hui hain woh apni saakht aur mazbooti ke aitbaar se door haazir se bohot behtar hain. Chand qadam aage chal kar ek kunwa hai. Jo upar se marbua shakal ka hai. Isi kunwain ko ‘‘Chah Babil’’ ke naam se mansoob karte hain. Chah Babil ke qareeb patthar ka ek bara mojasma hai aur sath hi chand mandir hain, jin ko ‘‘Ne Norita’’ aur ‘‘Gala’’ ke naam se mansoob kiya gaya hai. ‘‘Burj Babil’’ bhi is ke qareeb hai. Yahi woh maqam hai jahan Sikandar Azeem ne Hindustan se wapsi par daai ajal ko Labbaik kaha tha. Khandaarat ke teelon se do tein mile ke faasle par ek masjid ka gumbad nazar aata hai. Kehte hain ke yeh masjid Hazrat Ali Karam Allah wajhah ne tameer karai thi. Is ke gumbad aur dar o deewar par nihayat nafis naqsh o nigaar hain. Unhen dekh kar yun mehsoos hota hai jaise karegar abhi chand din pehle kaam se uth kar gaye hain.’’ Babil ke hukmaran Babil ke bani ka naam Namrud bayan kiya gaya hai. Is ka zamana taqreeban char hazaar saal qabal Maseeh hai. Is ke baap ka naam Kush aur dada ka naam Haam tha. Hazrat Maseeh se koi paune char hazaar saal qabal Bani Aad ke Saami qabeelay ne Babil par qabza kar liya. Do ya dhai sau saal un ki hukumat rahi. Saamiyon ke baad is par Ilami khandaan ka qabza ho gaya. Woh Namrud isi khandaan ka ek hukmaran tha jis ne Khudaai ka dawa kiya tha. Namrud is ka khandaani laqab tha, is ka asal naam Zul Amr bayan kiya gaya hai. Namrud ka zamUnah 2300 saal qabal Maseeh hai. Isi Namrood ne Hazrat Ibrahim Alaihis Salaam ko zinda aag mein jala dene ka hukm diya tha. Is khandaan ke baad Babil ke badshahon mein Banu Kad Nasr bohot mashhoor hua hai. Use Bakht Nasr bhi kehte hain. Usne bohot se ilaqe buzoor shamsher fatah kiye. Uske haathon Filasteen mein Yahoodiyon par tabahi aayi. Aur Bait al-Muqaddas ka sheher ujra. Usne Kitaab-e-Muqaddas ka ek ek nuskha dhoond dhoond kar jala daala. Is khandaan ka aakhri tajdaar Bel Shafar tha. Hazrat Maseeh se 538 qabal (aur baaz riwayat ke mutabiq 549 saal qabal) Faras ke badshah ne Babil par hamla kar diya. Aur is tarah yeh mulk Iran ka baaj-guzar ban gaya. Babil ka jadoo Hazrat Sulaiman Alaihis Salaam ke wafaat pa jane ke baad Bani Israeel balaamoom sehar o tilsim mein masroof ho gaye. Unhone haqeeqat ko chhod kar jadu-gari, shobda-bazi, tilsim bandi ko ikhtiyar kar liya. Babil ke bashinde is silsile mein sab se aage barh gaye. Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics ke fazil muhaqiqeen ka bayan hai ke is sheher ke bashinde bohot bade jadu gar the, un ki mazhabi aur deeniyaat ki kitabon mein bhi jagah jagah jadu mantar hi nazar aate hain. Goya yeh log sehar aur tilsim ko mazhab ka darja de chuke the (mulaheza ho kitaab mazkoor jild 2 safha 116) Mukhtasir yeh ke Babil jadu mantar aur sufla amliyat mein door door tak mashhoor tha. Kaldea is sheher ka purana naam tha. Angrezi mein aaj tak jadugar ko ''Kaldean'' kaha jata hai. Dosray alfaz mein yun kehna chahiye ke is sheher ka bashindah hona hi jadugar honay ki alamat thi.