Doctor Shahid Hasan Sadiqi maliyat aur bankari ke hawale se dunia bhar mein jane pehchane jaate hain. Islami bankari ke tamam qoumi aur aalami mansubon par unki gehri nazar hai. Soodi bankari ka naam badal kar Islami bankari ke tajurbe mein darpaish khatarnak masail ki nishandahi Doctor Sadiqi ne 4th October ko ek mazmoon mein ki. Lekin Justice Taqi Usmani sahib is mazmoon ka jawab nahi de sakte. Justice Taqi Usmani sahib ki sabiq mushir Doctor Hasan ul Zaman jo Islami bankari ke tajurbe se taib ho chuke hain, unke khayal mein "sood ka bhoot Islami bankon ka badstoor peecha kar raha hai". Doctor Hasan ul Zaman sahib Karachi ke muqtadir ulama ko is raste par laga kar ab taib ho gaye hain. Lekin unke shagird jawan se bankari seekh kar aalami mahireen mein shamil ho chuke hain, ustaad ke rujoo ko qabil taqleed nahi samajhte. Doctor Hasan ul Zaman ke tayar kardah Islami bankari ke mahireen ek ek bank se pachaas hazaar pound salana muaawazah hasil kar rahe hain. Doctor Sadiqi ke mazmoon par abhi tak Islami bankari ke mahireen dam bakhud hain. Islami bankari ke wukla ki janib se khamoshi bilawajah nahi. Yeh baat nihayat ahmiyat ki hamil hai ke "Al Balagh" mein aaj tak in ehterazaat ko shaee nahi kiya gaya jo Islami bankari aur tasweer ke masail par ulama ki janib se aur mahireen ma'ishat ki janib se uthaye gaye sawalat ko danista nazar andaz kiya hai aur un se mukalame ke liye amadah nahi. Halankeh asooli tor par yeh zaroori tha. Islami bankari par uthne wale har sawal, har shak aur har ehteraz ka tafseel se jawab diya jana chahiye. Is ke liye Al Balagh ke safahat mukhtas kiye jayein, is mamle mein ghussa bhusa ka mamla deen ki bunyadiyat muzalzil kar dega. Duniya bhar mein Islami bankari ke jhande tale kaam karne wale bank gustakhi takreeban 30 saalon mein bhi soodi nizam ke peda karda zulm aur na-insaafi ko khatam ya kam karne mein qat'i nakam rahe hain. Halankah Quran Kareem ne sood ko haram qarar hi is liye diya tha ke yeh zulm aur na-insaafi ka sabab banta hai. Muslim mumalik ne Islami bankari ke nafaz aur is ke farogh ke zamn mein jo policies waz' ki hain aur un mumalik mein kaam karne wale Islami bankon ne Islami bankari ke falsafe aur is ki rooh ko badi had tak nazar andaz karne hususan sarmaye ki farahmi (soodi bankon ke qarzoon ka na'm al-badal) ke liye soodi nizam se bazahir milte julte tareeqa kar apnane aur un ko doaam bakhsne ki jo roush ikhtiyar ki gayi hai isse dekh kar is khauf ko taqwiyat milti hai ke dunia bhar beshumar Pakistan mein qaim Islami bank agli chand dahiyon mein bhi samaji insaaf faraham karne aur zulm o na-insaafi ka khatma karne ke maqasid ke husool mein na sirf mua'awinat nahi kar saken ge balke khud bhi istehsal karne ke ilzamat ki zad mein rahenge. Bila soodi bank: Soodi bankon ke naqsh qadam par: Is takleef dah surat-e-haal ki aik intehai ahem wajah yeh hai ke in musalman mulkon mein bhi Islami bank is baat par majboor hote hain ke woh soodi nizam ke tehat chalne wale bankon ke naqsh pa (bench mark) par chalein. Un tamam musalman mulkon ne jinhon ne Islami bankon ke qayam ki ijazat di bunyadi ghalti yeh ke soodi bunyad par kaam karne wale bankon ko khuli chhutti di ke woh ghair maeenah muddat tak sood par mabni bankari karte rahain aur is naqis hikmat amli ke tabah kun asarat koAdaraak hi nahi kiya ya unko nazar andaz kiya. Kya Islami bank ghair sudi bank hain? State Bank ka kehna hai ke Pakistan mein awaam ke paas ikhtiyaar hai ke woh un mein se kisi bhi nizaam ke tehat kaam karne wale bank ke saath karobar karein. Humein Quran ka yeh irshad zehan mein rakhna chahiye "Aye imaan walay! Islam mein poore ke poore dakhil ho jaao aur shaitan ke peechay na chalo." (2:208) Islami mulkon mein in dino qisam ke bankon ko matwazi chalanay aur amli tor par sudi nizaam ko dobara bakhshne ke manfi asraat 1980 aur 1990 ki dehai mein wazeh tor par samne aaye the. Chananchah ab se kuch saal qabl kiya gaya hukoomat aur State Bank ka yeh faisla naqabil faham hai ke Pakistan mein sudi bank aur Islami bank sath sath kaam karenge. Islami bank nafah mein kami sudi tareeqay par karte hain: Is haqeeqat ka adaraak zaroori hai ke musliman mumalik mein bhi sudi bunyad par kaam karne wale bank amal mein market ko control karte hain kyun ke musliman mulkon mein bankon ke majmooi asaasoon mein Islami bankon ka hissa bohot kam hai maslan Malaysia mein Islami bankon ke majmooi asaasoon ka hajm mulk ke shoba banking ke majmooi asaasoon ka taqreeban 10 feesad hai jabke sudi bunyad par kaam karne wale bankon ke asaasoon ka majmooi hajm taqreeban 90 feesad hai. Pakistan mein Islami bankon ke majmooi asaasoon ka hajm mulk ke shoba banking ke majmooi asaasoon ka sirf 2 feesad hai chananchah jab sudi bank sharah sudi mein kami karte hain to Islami bank bhi unki taqleed karne huye sharah munafa mein kami kar dete hain aur jab sudi nizaam ke tehat kaam karne wale bank sharah sudi mein izafa karte hain to Islami bank bhi sharah munafa barha dete hain. Islami bank aur sudi bank ki yaksaan sharah munafa: Watan aziz mein sudi bunyad par kaam karne wale bankon ne January se jo 2005 ki shishmahiy mein apne crore bachat khata daron ko ek se teen feesad salana ki sharah di jabke Islami bankon ne bhi usi muddat mein bachat khata daron ko teen feesad salana se kam munafa diya. Is muddat mein mulk mein afraat zar ki sharah taqreeban 9 feesad thi chananchah sudi aur Islami bankon ne 6 se 8 feesad haqeeqi manfi sharah se munafa diya. Islami bank dugni manfi sharah se munafa de rahe hain: Yeh baat dilchaspi se parhi jayegi ke November 1993 mein State Bank ke us waqt ke governor ne kaha tha ke (sudi) bank afraat zar ki sharah se kam munafa de kar khata daron ka istehsal kar rahe hain jabke bari bari raqam ke qarzay lene walon ko (afraat zar ki sharah se kam sharah par qarzay de kar) zar e aenat di ja rahi hai. Unhon ne mazeed kaha tha ke State Bank ko choti choti bachtiyon ke sarmayon ko amiron ki taraf baho ke amal ko khamosh tamashai ban kar nahi dekhna chahiye aur yeh ke bankon ke khata daron ko afraat zar ki sharah se kam az kam ek feesad zyada munafa milna chahiye. Yeh baat note karna ahem hai ke jis haqeeqi manfiSharah sood se munafa dene ki wajah se estate bank ke governor se 1993 se soodi bankon ko istehsali kaha tha ab is se dugni haqeeqi (manfi) sharah se Islami bankon ki janib se khate daaroon ko munafa dene ke amal par itmnan ka izhaar kiya ja raha hai aur mulk mein ''Islamic banking'' ke farogh ko badi kamyabi qarar diya ja raha hai. Islami bank nuqsaan ki zimmedari qabool nahi karte Islami bank taye shuda munafa qarzoon par wasool karte hain: Is baat ka idrak zaroor hai ke Islam sood se paak bankari ka jo nizam tajwez karta hai woh nafa aur nuqsaan mein shirkat ki bunyad par hi qaim ho sakta hai lekin baaz amli rukawaton ke sabab sirf naguzeer surton mein aur woh bhi sirf aboori muddat ke liye sirmaaye ki farahmi ke kuch mutabadil raste ulama hazraat ki taraf se tajwez kiye gaye the maslan murabaha aur bai'a mojall waghera lekin do dehaiyon se zyada arsa guzrne ke baad yeh aboori muddat bhi guzar chuki hai. Sarmaye ki farahmi ke in tareeqon mein bank sarmaya lene wali party ke nuqsaan mein shirkat ki zimmedari nahi sirf qabool nahi karta balkay Islami bank pehle se taye shuda munafa sarmaya lene wali party se wasool karne ka har haal mein haqdaar hota hai. Yeh baat wazeh hai ke amli tor par munafa ka yeh hajam soodi bankon ki janib se qarzoon par li jaane wali sharah sood se hi mutabiqat rakhta hai. (Is tarah amli taur par Islami bank aur soodi bank ke tareeqa kar mein koi farq baqi nahi rehta) Is haqeeqat ka idrak az had zaroori hai ke agar mulk mein Islami nizam aur sood nizam sath sath chalte rahe to mojooda halat mein Islami bank agar chahein bhi to woh apne khate daaroon ke sath karne wali na-insafi ko khatam nahi kar sakte kyun ke is ke liye unhein sarmaye ki farahmi par li jaane wali sharah munafa barhana padegi jis ke liye zahir hai ke parties raza mand nahi hongi kyun ke kam sharah mark ab par in soodi bankon se qarzah beharhaal dastiyab hai jo apne khate daaroon ko un ki raqam par intehai kam sharah se munafa de kar un ka istehsal kar rahe hain. Sood ka bhoot Islami bankon ka peecha kar raha hai Islami bankari mein ghair musalmanon ka amal dakhil bohat barh gaya hai: Is pas manzar mein kuch mahireen ki yeh soch sahih nahi hai ke mojooda nizam ke tehut nafa aur nuqsaan mein shirkat ki bunyad par sarmaye ki farahmi se bankon ke khate daaroon ke sath hone wali na-insafi ka khatma karna mumkin ho ga kyun ke sharai asoolon ke mutabiq shirkat ke muahida mein nafa ki taqseem ka tansub dono parties ke darmiyan bahami razamandi se mutayin hota hai chunanche shirkat ki bunyad par bankon se sarmaye lene wali party is baat ko yaqeeni banaegi ke bankon ko apne munafa se woh sirf itna hissa de jo soodi bankon ki janib se qarzoon par liye jane wale mark up ke hajam se mutabiqat rakhta ho. Albata jab Islami bankon ke asasoon ka hajam soodi bankon ke barabar ho jaye ga ya barh jaye ga to phir yeh Islami bank market ke leader ban jainge aur ek adilana sharah munafa mutayin kar saken ge. Is baat ka idrak beharhal zaroori hai ke Islami nizam bankari ko mukammal tor par aur kamyabi se chalane ke liye muashray ki islah, ma'ashat ko Islami sanche mein dhalna aur mutaliqah qawaneen ko sharaiyat ke tabay banan buniyadi sharaait hain. Lekin in umoor ki taraf tawajjah nahi di ja rahi. Islami bankari ka darpaish challanges se niptna, is ki sakht behtar banana, is ko ilzamat ki zad se mahfooz rakhna aur tamam muaamlat ko shafaf rakhna waqt ki ahem zaroorat hai. Islami bankari mein ghair musalmaanो کाAmal dakhil bohat zyada barh raha hai aur Islami bankari ke naam par hasil shuda raqam ko Europe aur America mein istemal kiya ja raha hai. Guzishta mah Karachi mein manaaqida aik seminar mein kaha gaya ke Pakistan mein sudi nizam bankari par Islami bankari ka label chhupa diya gaya hai. Islamic Development Bank Jeddah ke inaam yafta Muslim mahir ma'ashiyyat Doctor Hassan ul Zaman ka yeh bayan pehle hi record par mojood tha ke sudi ka bhoot Islami bankon ka badstoor peecha kar raha hai. Islami bankon ke khata daroon ka istihsal: Munqaraat balaa guzarshat ki roshni mein hum fuqaha o ulama hazraat se dardmandana darkhwast karenge ke woh Islami bankon ki janib se khata daroon ke istihsal ko khatam karwane ke zamn mein apna kirdar pur tareeqay se ada karein. Is ke liye unhein awal State Bank ko bhi ilaniya batlana hoga ke woh sudi bankon aur Islami bankon ko ghair maeenah muddat tak sath sath chalne dene ki policy ko mustard karte hain. Marabeh sharai maqasid ki takmeel mein rukawat hai: Yeh baat record par mojood hai ke hakoomat ne khud June 2001 mein Supreme Court ke 23rd December 1999 ke faislay par amal dar amad ke liye adalat azeem se paanch baras ki mohlat mangi thi. Doosra Islami bankon par wazeh karein ke woh aindah unko Islami bank sirf us waqt tasleem karenge jab woh marabeh aur issi tarah ke baaz doosre tareeqon ka istemal kam se kam karein kyun ke yeh sharai maqasid ki takmeel mein madad nahi karte aur Islami bankon ko paband karein ke har teen mahi mein partiyon ko jitna bhi sarmaya faraham kiya jaye us mein nafaa o nuqsaan mein shirkat ki bunyad par sarmaya ki farahmi ka hissa kam az kam 50 fee sad ho aur soom yeh ke bankon se tehreeri zamaanat li jaye ke 31 December 2006 tak unke bank ki majmooi financing ka 50 fee sad nafaa o nuqsaan mein shirkat ki bunyad ho ga. Hum samajhte hain ke agar Shariah scholars Islami bankon ke peechay apna wazan dalne se pehle in tajaweez ki pabandi karain to Islami bankari ke phal nazr ana shuru ho jayenge.