Tarikh se pata chalta hai ke West Indies mein mahireen mosmiyat ne pehle pehle samandari toofanon ko insani naam diya. Misal ke taur par 1825 mein anay wala 'Santa Ana' samandari toofan jis ne Puerto Rico mein khaas tabahi machai. Yeh naam Esaaiyon ki ek buzurg, Saint Ann se maakhuz tha. 1887 mein Australia ki riyasat, Queensland mein Clement Wragge, riyasti mahir mosmiyat muqarrar hue. In sahab ne Yunani aur Roomi devi devtaon ke ilawa khawateen ke naam bhi samandari toofanon ko diye. Dusri jang azim ke baad America ne is rawaish ko jari rakha yani zyadatar samandari toofanon ke naam niswani rakhe gaye. Is ki wajah yeh bhi thi ke zanani namon ka ada karna nisbatan aasan hota hai is ke ilawa American khawateen baqaida khat likhti thin ke un ke naam par toofan ka naam rakha jaye. Jab America aur Europe mein haqooq niswan ka charcha phela, to kayi khawateen rehnumaon ne American awam ki tawajju is janib mabzool karai ke samandari toofanon ke naam niswani rak kar aurat ki tazleel ki jati hai. Chanancha American khawateen ko hosh aya aur unho ne purzor ihtijaj kiya, to aalmi mosmiyati idaray ne (World Meteorological Organization) janwaron, phoolon, kitabon waghera ke naam istemal karne laga. Samandari toofan ke hasab se aalmi mosmiyati idaray ne dunya ko paanch khaton mein taqseem kar diya hai. Ek khatte (ESCAP/WMO PANEL) ke rukn mumalik mein Bharat, Pakistan, Thailand, Oman, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Burma aur Maldives shamil hain. Badqismati se darja bala khatte ke mumalik tawil arsa is amr ye muttafiq nahin hosakay ke Khaleej Bengal, Behra Arab aur Behra Andaman mein anay walay samandari toofanon ko kya naam diya jaye. Channan cheh kuch ko ek, do teen ya A, B, C jaise bachgana naam bhi diye gaye. Aakhir 2004 mein aathon mumalik ne is nuqte par ittefaq kar liya ke sabhi rukn mulk aath aath naam faraham karenge. Jab woh istemal ho jayein, to phir naye naam takhliq honge. Channan cheh jab se aathon mulkon ke diye gaye naam baari baari samandari toofanon ko diye ja rahe hain. Is bar Pakistan ka number tha, channan cheh Behra Arab mein janam lene walay samandari toofan ka naam 'Neelofar' rakha gaya. 2004 mein Pakistan ne khatte mein waqe aalmi mosmiyati idare ke daftar ko ye aath naam faraham kiye the: Fanous, Nargis, Lalah, Neelam, Neelofar, Warda, Titli aur Bulbul. Ab tak paanch naam istemal hochuke hain. Bharatiyon ne ye naam diye: Agni, Aakash, Bijli, Jall, Lahar, Megh, Sagar aur Vayu. In namon se ayan hai ke mosmiyatdan aise naam muntakhib karte hain jo baasani bole aur samjhe jasakein. Niz woh kisi tabqay ke jazbat majrooh nah karein. Ab Neelofar ke baad is khatte mein jo bhi samandari toofan ayenge, un ke naam is tarteeb mein rakhe jayenge: Pariya (Sri Lanka), Komen (Thailand), Chapla (Bangladesh), Megh (Bharat), Ravanu (Maldives), Kyant (Burma), Nada (Oman) aur Warda (Pakistan). Mosmiyati istilah mein samandari toofan 'istawai toofan' (Tropical cyclone) kehlata hai. Taham angrezi mein is ke mukhtalif naam hain maslan Cyclone, Typhoon ya Hurricane.:)۔ pehla zikr naam yoonani lafz ki kiklon (Kyklon) se nikla jis ke ma'ani hain: chakkar khana. yeh lafz har qisam ke samundari toofan par chaspaan hosakta hai. shumal maghribi bahralkahal ke ilaqon mein samundari toofan "typhoon" kehlata hai. yeh arabi lafz "toofan" se makhud hai. jabkeh yeh arabi lafz khud ek yoonani dewta, typhon (Typhon) se nikla. yoonani dew mala mein yeh toofan ka dewta hai. shumali bahr oqyaanus aur shumal mashriq bahralkahal ke ilaqon mein samundari toofan ko hurricane kehte hain. yeh lafz Caribbean jazair ki dewmala mein paya jane wala dewta, juracan (Juracan) se nikla hai. samundari toofan hamesha garam samundar mein janam leta hai. jab nami se ladi garam hawa oopar uthay, to woh thandi hawa ko balai simat dhakelti hai. yeh dono mutazad hawayen zameen ki gardish ke bais rafta rafta ghoomne lagti hain. yun un ke taal mail se chakkar khaate badal janam lete hain jo nihayat tezi se ghoom rahe hote hain. hawa ki shiddat ya tezi ke hisab se samundari toofan ki paanch aqsam hain. jin mein hawa ki raftaar 140 mile fe ghante se zyada ho, woh "super samundari toofan" kehlata hai. yeh amar qabil zikr hai ke tareekh insani mein jis samundari toofan ne sab se zyada jani o mali tabahi machayi, us ka naam mardana tha. khaleej bangal mein 3 ta 13 november 1970ء janam lene wale samundari toofan ko "bhola" ka naam diya gaya. us ki zed mein aakar mashriqi pakistan aur maghribi bangal (bharat) mein teen ta paanch lakh insaan halak hue. bhola samundari toofan ki aafat yeh khasoosiyat bhi rakhti hai ke us ke bais hi mashriqi pakistan mein alehdgi ke jazbat ne janam liya. tab pakistan mein general yahya khan ki hukumat thi. fouji hukumat ne mashriqi pakistan mein imdadi karwaiyan munasib tareeqay se anjam na di. is par mashriqi pakistan mein usay shadeed tanqeed ka nishana banna pada. natijatan agli mah aam intikhabat hue to mashriqi pakistaniyon ne hukumat mukhalif aur alehdgi ki hamai jamat awami league ko dhara dhara vote diye aur usay kamiyab kar diya. hamare khetay mein hawa ki tez raftari ke hisab se khatarnak tareen samundari toofan "udisa" ya "pardeep" toofan tha jo 25 october ta 3 november 1999ء jari raha. yeh behra janoobi china mein paida hua aur us mein hawa ghoomne ki raftaar 160 mile fe ghante thi. yeh rafta rafta bharat ki simat barha aur riyasat udisa se jatkaya. us ki zed mein aakar das hazaar insaan halak hue aur poonay teen lakh ghar tabah hogaye. us ki wajah se taqreeban paanch kharab rupay ka mali nuqsaan hua. hawa ki shiddat ke aitbar se ab tak record shuda sab se khatarnak samundari toofan "ellen" (hurricane allen) hai jo 31 july ta 11 august 1980ء jari raha. us toofan ne behra oqyaanus mein janam liya. phir america ki simat barha. raah mein us ne puerto rico, haiti aur jamaica ke jazair mein tabahi machayi. phir mexico aur america par jabarsa. us ki zed mein aakar 269 afrad halak hue. us samundari toofan mein ek mauqa par hawa ki raftaar 190 mile fe ghante (305 kilometer fe ghante) thi. samundari toofan kyunkHa tabahi o barbadi latay hain, is liye aamooman un ka aisa naam nahi rakha jata jo khironiki se munsalik ho. Misal ke taur par 2004 mein Sri Lankan hukumat ne "Mahasen" ka naam bhi diya tha. Jab 2013 mein ek samandari toofan ko yehi naam mila, to Sri Lanka mein Budh mat ke pairokarun ne zabardast ihtijaj kiya. Darasal 277 se 304 tak Sri Lanka mein Raja Mahasen nami hakimaan guzra hai. Usne ilaqe mein Budh mat ko farogh diya. Isi liye kayi Budhi use devta samajhte hain. Chunanche Budhiyon ke ihtijaj par samandari toofan ka naam "Wariyo" rakha gaya. BBC ki faraham kardeh maloomat Junubi Asia aur Mashriq Wasti mein toofanon ko naam dene ki tareekh bohat nayi hai. Sanh 1953 se Behr e Oqyanos mein anay walay toofanon ko naam diye jate hain. Toofanon ko naam dene ki shuruaat Miami mein National Hurricane Center ki jo ab tak qaim hai. Lekin Junubi Asia aur Mashriq Wasti mein toofanon ko naam dene ki tareekh nayi hai. Shumali Behr Hind mein toofanon ko naam dena matnaza hai. Isi liye yahan se uthne walon toofanon ko naam nahi diye jate. Lekin toofanon ko naam dena matnaza kyun hai? Bharat ke Cyclone Warning Center ke sarbrah Doctor M. Mahapatra ka kehna hai ke "Behr Hind ka ilaqa lisani tor par itna mukhtalif hai ke naam rakhnay ke liye is baat ka khas khayal rakhna parta hai ke kisi ki bura na lag jaye." Lekin 2004 mein apne pasandida namon par toofanon ke naam rakhne ka ittefaq ho gaya. Aath mumalik aikathe bethe jin mein Bharat, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Maldives, Burma, Oman, Sri Lanka aur Thailand shamil the. In mumalik ne 64 namon ki fehrist tayar ki yaani aath nam har mulk jo toofanon ko diye jasakain. Namon ki yeh fehrist mumalik ke haroof tahajji ke mutabiq hain. Is khitay mein aakhri toofan rawan saal June mein aya tha jiska naam Nanuk rakha gaya. Yeh naam Burma ka tajwez kiya tha. Is khitay mein agla toofan jab aaye ga to is ka naam Pakistan ki janib se tajwez kiya gaya naam rakha jaye ga. November 2012 ko anay walay toofan ka naam Pakistan ka tajwez kiya tha jo tha 'Neelam'. Toofanon ko diye jane walay nam hakoomat ke ilawa awam bhi tajwez kar sakti hai. Jaise Bharat mein logon se namon ki tajwez mangi gayi. Lekin in namon ke liye shart yeh thi ke woh chhote hon, fori tor par samajh aa jaye, broadcasting mein naam lena asan ho, saqafati tor par matnaza na ho. Pichle toofan ka naam Myanmar yaani Burma ki janib se diye gaye naam par rakha gaya tha. Is bar haroof tahajji mein Oman ki bari hai. Isi liye Bharat se takrane walay toofan ka naam 'Hud Hud' hai. Is khitay mein agla toofan jab aaye ga to is ka naam Pakistan ki janib se tajwez kiya gaya naam rakha jaye ga. November 2012 ko anay walay toofan ka naam Pakistan ka tajwez kiya tha jo tha 'Neelam'. Bharat ke Cyclone Warning Center ke sarbrah Doctor M. Mahapatra ka kehna hai ke yeh nam jald khatam hone walay nahi hain. 'Hud Hud' namon ki fehrist mein 34wan naam hai. Is ka matlab yeh hai ke ab bhi namon ki fehrist mein 30 nam baqi hain. Cyclone mahireen har saal milte hain aur agar zaroorat pari to mazid namon ka izafa kardya jaye ga. Agarche aath mumalik bethe aur 64 namon ki fehrist tayar ki lekin in namon par tanaza khara hua. Sanh 2013 mein anay walay toofan ka naam Mahasen rakha gaya jo Sri Lanka ka tajwez kiya tha. Lekin jald hi toofan ka naam tabdeel kar ke Vayaro rakha gaya. Sri Lanka mein qaum paraston ne ihtijaj kiya ke Mahasen is badshah ka naam tha jo is Jazeera mein aman aur taraqqi laya. Is liyeYe toofan ka naam tabdeel kiya jaye. Mahireen ka kehna hai ke toofanon ke naam rakhna zaroori hai. Naam rakhne ke bais logon aur media ko sahulat hoti hai. (BBC 12, October 2014)